Give Dryopteris affinis a space where it can grow into the main feature of a shady corner. As the plant matures, its tall fronds create a leafy backdrop for smaller plants, making it useful where a border needs height without flowers.

There is plenty to notice as it develops: tightly rolled new growth opens into yellow-green fronds, the foliage darkens with age, and golden-brown scales remain visible along the stems. These details reward a position within view of a path or window.

Plant this fern beneath loosely spaced shrubs to echo the woodland habitats where it grows naturally in Britain. Allow its outline to remain visible rather than crowding it with equally large neighbours. In mild conditions, the foliage often lasts into winter.